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perl-Crypt-OpenSSL-RSA
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NAME Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA - RSA encoding and decoding, using the openSSL libraries SYNOPSIS use Crypt::OpenSSL::Random; use Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA; # not necessary if we have /dev/random: Crypt::OpenSSL::Random::random_seed($good_entropy); Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA->import_random_seed(); $rsa_pub = Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA->new_public_key($key_string); $rsa_pub->use_sslv23_padding(); # use_pkcs1_oaep_padding is the default $ciphertext = $rsa->encrypt($plaintext); $rsa_priv = Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA->new_private_key($key_string); $plaintext = $rsa->encrypt($ciphertext); $rsa = Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA->generate_key(1024); # or $rsa = Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA->generate_key(1024, $prime); print "private key is:\n", $rsa->get_private_key_string(); print "public key (in PKCS1 format) is:\n", $rsa->get_public_key_string(); print "public key (in X509 format) is:\n", $rsa->get_public_key_x509_string(); $rsa_priv->use_md5_hash(); # use_sha1_hash is the default $signature = $rsa_priv->sign($plaintext); print "Signed correctly\n" if ($rsa->verify($plaintext, $signature)); DESCRIPTION "Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA" provides the ability to RSA encrypt strings which are somewhat shorter than the block size of a key. It also allows for decryption, signatures and signature verification. *NOTE*: Many of the methods in this package can croak, so use "eval", or Error.pm's try/catch mechanism to capture errors. Also, while some methods from earlier versions of this package return true on success, this (never documented) behavior is no longer the case. Class Methods new_public_key Create a new "Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA" object by loading a public key in from a string containing Base64/DER-encoding of either the PKCS1 or X.509 representation of the key. The string should include the "-----BEGIN...-----" and "-----END...-----" lines. The padding is set to PKCS1_OAEP, but can be changed with the "use_xxx_padding" methods. new_private_key Create a new "Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA" object by loading a private key in from an string containing the Base64/DER encoding of the PKCS1 representation of the key. The string should include the "-----BEGIN...-----" and "-----END...-----" lines. The padding is set to PKCS1_OAEP, but can be changed with "use_xxx_padding". generate_key Create a new "Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA" object by constructing a private/public key pair. The first (mandatory) argument is the key size, while the second optional argument specifies the public exponent (the default public exponent is 65537). The padding is set to PKCS1_OAEP, but can be changed with "use_xxx_padding" methods. new_key_from_parameters Given "Crypt::OpenSSL::Bignum" objects for "n", "e", and optionally "d", "p", and "q", where "p" and "q" are the prime factors of "n", "e" is the public exponent and "d" is the private exponent, create a new "Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA" object using these values. If "p" and "q" are provided and "d" is "undef", "d" is computed. Note that while "p" and "q" are not necessary for a private key, their presence will speed up computation. import_random_seed Import a random seed from "Crypt::OpenSSL::Random", since the OpenSSL libraries won't allow sharing of random structures across perl XS modules. Instance Methods DESTROY Clean up after ourselves. In particular, erase and free the memory occupied by the RSA key structure. get_public_key_string Return the Base64/DER-encoded PKCS1 representation of the public key. This string has header and footer lines: -----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY------ -----END RSA PUBLIC KEY------ get_public_key_x509_string Return the Base64/DER-encoded representation of the "subject public key", suitable for use in X509 certificates. This string has header and footer lines: -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY------ -----END PUBLIC KEY------ and is the format that is produced by running "openssl rsa -pubout". get_private_key_string Return the Base64/DER-encoded PKCS1 representation of the private key. This string has header and footer lines: -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY------ -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY------ encrypt Encrypt a binary "string" using the public (portion of the) key. decrypt Decrypt a binary "string". Croaks if the key is public only. private_encrypt Encrypt a binary "string" using the private key. Croaks if the key is public only. public_decrypt Decrypt a binary "string" using the public (portion of the) key. sign Sign a string using the secret (portion of the) key. verify Check the signature on a text. use_no_padding Use raw RSA encryption. This mode should only be used to implement cryptographically sound padding modes in the application code. Encrypting user data directly with RSA is insecure. use_pkcs1_padding Use PKCS #1 v1.5 padding. This currently is the most widely used mode of padding. use_pkcs1_oaep_padding Use EME-OAEP padding as defined in PKCS #1 v2.0 with SHA-1, MGF1 and an empty encoding parameter. This mode of padding is recommended for all new applications. It is the default mode used by "Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA". use_sslv23_padding Use PKCS #1 v1.5 padding with an SSL-specific modification that denotes that the server is SSL3 capable. use_md5_hash Use the RFC 1321 MD5 hashing algorithm by Ron Rivest when signing and verifying messages. use_sha1_hash Use the RFC 3174 Secure Hashing Algorithm (FIPS 180-1) when signing and verifying messages. This is the default. use_sha224_hash, use_sha256_hash, use_sha384_hash, use_sha512_hash These FIPS 180-2 hash algorithms, for use when signing and verifying messages, are only available with newer openssl versions (>= 0.9.8). use_ripemd160_hash Dobbertin, Bosselaers and Preneel's RIPEMD hashing algorithm when signing and verifying messages. size Returns the size, in bytes, of the key. All encrypted text will be of this size, and depending on the padding mode used, the length of the text to be encrypted should be: pkcs1_oaep_padding at most 42 bytes less than this size. pkcs1_padding or sslv23_padding at most 11 bytes less than this size. no_padding exactly this size. check_key This function validates the RSA key, returning a true value if the key is valid, and a false value otherwise. Croaks if the key is public only. get_key_parameters Return "Crypt::OpenSSL::Bignum" objects representing the values of "n", "e", "d", "p", "q", "d mod (p-1)", "d mod (q-1)", and "1/q mod p", where "p" and "q" are the prime factors of "n", "e" is the public exponent and "d" is the private exponent. Some of these values may return as "undef"; only "n" and "e" will be defined for a public key. The "Crypt::OpenSSL::Bignum" module must be installed for this to work. is_private Return true if this is a private key, and false if it is private only. BUGS There is a small memory leak when generating new keys of more than 512 bits. AUTHOR Ian Robertson, "iroberts@cpan.org". For support, please email "perl-openssl-users@lists.sourceforge.net". ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS LICENSE Copyright (c) 2001-2011 Ian Robertson. Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. SEE ALSO perl(1), Crypt::OpenSSL::Random(3), Crypt::OpenSSL::Bignum(3), rsa(3), RSA_new(3), RSA_public_encrypt(3), RSA_size(3), RSA_generate_key(3), RSA_check_key(3)